Institute History

During the formation of the Institute of Automation, the subjects of its research were concentrated around such areas as automation of control processes and informatics; automation of hydromeliorative systems; instrumentation; water and energy resources. In addition, research was conducted in the field of continuum mechanics. The scientific direction "mechanical engineering, which existed within the framework of the Institute in 1970-1989, became the basis for the creation of the Institute of Mechanical Engineering." Subsequently, the direction of “water and energy resources” was allocated to an independent scientific institution – the Institute of Water Problems and Hydropower.

Principally new systems of operational water distribution management on rivers and canals of Kyrgyzstan, Russia and other republics of the USSR were developed and introduced into production, an automated irrigation system with a control computer was created for the first time. Thanks to these results, the Institute has taken a leading position in the field of theory and practice of integrated automation of irrigation systems.

The theory and methods of synthesis of precision automatic control systems of complex dynamical systems with separable motions are developed. The results of the research were implemented at the defense enterprises of the USSR.

Automated Process Control Systems of Continuous Productions were developed, created and researched. The results of the research were implemented at the Tokmak Glass Factory, the Kant Cement and Slate Combine and a number of cement plants in Kazakhstan. A number of moisture meters of various media (oil, bulk products, wood, etc.) were developed, created and introduced into production. Devices for geophysical research, several types of measuring and processing complexes for measurement that make up the electromagnetic field of the Earth in order to identify indirect precursors of earthquakes have been developed and created. Developed and created ferrozonds for various purposes: metal detectors, variometers, gradientometers, magnetometers.

Developed, created and implemented in the production of a series of devices for measuring irregularity and linear density of fibrous materials, devices for measuring the speed and flow of thread in knitted production. Direction systems for active objects, a system for landing helicopters on unequipped airfields have been developed and created.

A system of environmental monitoring and warning of natural emergencies was developed and transferred to the Ministry of Emergency Situations. The monitoring system monitors the state of the environment parameters of mountain territories. The flood and mudflow hazard warning system has been implemented in the Ala-Archa National Park.

Academics of N.N. made a great contribution to the study of theoretical and practical problems of automatic control of moving objects, technological processes, nonlinear systems, information, telecommunication systems and technologies, instrument engineering. Shumilovsky, Yu.E. Skylyubov, M.Y. Leonov, E.E. Makovsky, J.S. Sharshenaliyev, V.P. Zhivolyadov, cock-corr. R.O. Omorov, Corr. T.T. Omorov, Doctor of Science A.I. Egorov, I.B. Biybosunov, A.M. Tsykunov, B.M. Mirkin, J. Mamytov, V.M. Busargin, C. Dzhanybekov, K.A. Presnyakov, I.V. Bryakin, N.M. Lychenko; Candidates of Science A.L. Skripko, V.I. Kurotchenko, S.S. Nagorov, V.I. Bryakin, S.V. Gavrilenkov, V.A. Pershakov, V.I. Zamai.

The scientific direction in the field of energy and the use of non-traditional energy sources: sun, wind, small watercourses was initiated by the scientific head of the Department of Mechanics and Mining Engineering, Academician Alimov O.D., who already in those years foresaw the relevance and importance of this direction for the republic, realized that developments in the field of energy supply and renewable energy sources would be very in demand. A series of fundamental scientific researches aimed at development of theory, methods of calculation and design of technical means operating on solar and wind energy, as well as on energy of small watercourses and biomass has been carried out.

The results of paramount importance in the theory of creating combined solar wind complexes for the power supply of autonomous objects are obtained, the theoretical foundations for creating a fundamentally new class of coaxial wind power plants that have no world analogues are proposed and developed for the first time, research in the field of creating combined solar-heat-bearing installations is initiated.

Research in the field of solar energy has allowed to develop the theory of energy conversion and transmission in collectors with elements of "absolutely black body", as well as in siphon solar heat supply systems. For the first time, studies of air-water solar systems using hidden enthalpy of the environment have been carried out. The developed designs of solar installations of micro-HPPs, BSU, wind turbines were mastered by our industrial enterprises, such as JSC OREMI, BMZ, JSC Zhaz, JSC Envod, PF Fluid, Z-D Computer, Kyrgyzavtomash, JSC Santekhma, etc.

Theoretical foundations for the synthesis of low-pressure birator microhydroelectric power plants have been developed and created, which laid the foundation for a new scientific direction for the class of microhydroelectric power plants operating in conditions of limited capacity.

In research in the field of the use of non-traditional energy sources, a great contribution was made by the Corr member. Obozov A.J., D.T. A.B. Bakasova.

During the existence of the Institute, employees, postgraduates and applicants defended more than 40 doctoral and more than 200 PhD theses in the field of automation and control, mathematical modeling, the use of renewable energy sources.

The formation of the problems of the Institute of Mechanical Engineering at the initial stage (1965-1980s) is associated with the activities of Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz SSR O.D. Alimova. At this time, a new concept of creating machines with power impulse systems for mining, construction and other similar industries was developed, suggesting a radical improvement of machines through the use of more efficient electrohydraulic actuators, heavy-loaded universal manipulators and mobile running devices. The use of this concept made it possible to single out as an independent object of analysis a set of interconnected devices and processes that implement energy storage, its transformation from one type to another and transmission to the processing object in the form of high-power pulses. This made it possible to combine into a single scientific and methodological direction the study of percussion machines, forging and stamping presses, drilling techniques and breaking off strong media and to develop generalized methods of their analysis and synthesis.

The implementation of fundamental research required the formulation and development of a number of scientific and technical problems: the theory of impact and propagation of shock waves; the theory of the process of destruction of rocks during drilling; the theory of power impulse systems with hydraulic, electromagnetic and electromechanical vibration shock and rotational mechanisms and their transmissions; the theory and practice of creating drilling automatic informers for extreme conditions, the theory and practice of drilling complexes and units for drilling boreholes and wells, breakaway and swirling units with power pulse systems and heavy-load manipulators and their ergoulators and their evaluation; The theory of mechanisms of variable structure and the basics of engineering calculation and design of machines on their basis, the theory and practice of creating means of mechanization for the extraction of valuable building materials.

During the existence of the Institute, his team created and passed a wide industrial testing of fundamentally new machines and devices of the Askatesh family with power impulse systems, devices for studying the bowels of the Moon, Venus and other planets of the Solar System, press machines for forging and stamping production, a typical range of hydraulic hammers "Impulse", drilling machines for drilling spikes in a rotary-shock and shock-turning method, mobile drilling and jacking units, new equipment for mining and processing stone, vibration-pressing equipment for making stone from wood wallworking. industry and coal trifles, a set of rescue tools for emergency response and machines for mechanization of work in agriculture – hydroponic greenhouse, seeder for sowing melon crops, dragger.

Machines created at the Institute and manufactured both on their own production base and in cooperation by machine-building plants were supplied to a number of mining, metallurgical and machine-building enterprises.

Principally new non-mixed high-speed press of the "Usta" type with a variable structure mechanism, which with the participation of specialists of the Institute were manufactured at the "Tank Plant" software. V. And. Lenin" are used in various enterprises of Russia in mass forging and stamping production. Together with the Engineering Academy of the Kyrgyz Republic for the needs of the mining industry, designs of various models of machines with variable structure mechanisms have been developed: electromechanical jackhammers and punches, which have been tested at various enterprises, stationary and portable shock machines for the collapse of the solid layer formed inside the ash slag pipelines, which are operated at the CHP in the city. Bishkek in the implementation of preventive work.

The institute created universal drilling rigs BM 18 (UBS), BM 25, drilling complex KB-76, mobile drilling rig Impulse PBU-110, line drilling machine BS-32. A prototype of the KB-76 drilling complex was tested during drilling of degassing wells in the mines of the city. Karaganda, drilling rig type BM-18 put execution of drilling works in underground conditions, drilling of boreholes and wells in the construction of Kambarata HPP, universal drilling machine type BM 25 tested in geological exploration drilling tailings of the mine "Solton-Sary", during drilling wells for water in the villages of Alamedin and Sokuluk districts, in the resort area of the lakes. Issykkul. With the use of the same installation, the original technology of drilling horizontal wells under the roadbed of the city was tested. Bishkek - Tokmok with the area with. The red river of the Issyk-Ata region. The drilling rig was put into operation by Shakhta Bash-Burkhan JSC. Masalieva.

At the production base of the Institute, more than 200 samples of hydraulic hammers "Impulse" with impact energy from 200 to 6000 J were manufactured, which were supplied under contracts. Hammers "Impulse" passed industrial tests and are operated at enterprises of Kyrgyzstan (mines: Mak-mal, Salton-Sary, Kuranzhailoo; Manas airport, enterprises of JSC "Severelectro", JSC "Ak-Tash", JSC "Naryngidroenergostroy", JSC "Electric Power Stations - Kambaratinsky HPPs and others), Kazakhstan (JSC "Novatsink", Branch Aksu Ferroalloy Alloy Plant, JSC Transstroymost", LLP "AKomola Materials"), Germany, Bulgaria and Ukraine.

These developments made it possible to quickly increase scientific and technical potential and create a school of mechanical scientists, widely known in the country and abroad, and to train more than 20 doctors and almost 120 candidates of science in the field of mining machines, the theory of mechanisms and machines. In the study of theoretical and practical problems of creating machines for mining and mechanical engineering, a great contribution was made by: academicians O.D. Alimov, A.V. Frolov, M.T. Mamasaidov, M.S. Jumatayev; Corresponding Member S. Abdraimov; Mm. Uraimov, Doctor of Science V.K. Manjosov, S.A. Basov, L.T. Dvornikov, V.E. Eremiants, E.B. Beksalov, Yu.M. Sosnovsky, T.O. Unmarried, K.D. Tursunov, R.A. Mendekeev, A.O. Abidov, A. Karimov, E.S. Abdraimov, A. Ashiraliev, M.Z. Almamatov, B.S. Sultanaliev, S.S. Iskenov, Ph.D. Zh. Usubaliyev, A. Izabekov, A. F. Korshunov, B. R. Matveev, P. P. Zakarian, L.I. Starkov, V. G. Yudin, A. Boobekov, Yu. V. Kudruk, P. C. Turovsky, A. Tentimishev, A. V. Prahova, V.P. Kondratieff, L.R. Yenikeeva, M. Arziev, M.T. Toktobekov, A.A. Tsokurenko, A.A. Zemlyansky, B.V. Fomin, M.A. Park, I.S. Voloskova, V.V. Voloskov, A.V. Anokhin, V.V. Voronkin, K. R. Usmanov, E.K. Azhibayev, R.K. Tuvalbayev, V.A. Yakhontov, MD. Dandybaev, V.L. Hertsev, A.A. Ismailov, K.N. Kasymaliev, S.I. Kvitko, Melis uulu D., B.T. Jorobekov, K.K. Orozov, S.G. Gorbachev, V.B. Vasiliev, K.T. Elikbayev.

The subject of the Institute of Geomechanics and Subsoil Development since the beginning of the Institute was associated with research in the field of rock mechanics, rational development of complex structural mineral deposits, geophysical instrumentation and destruction of rocks by explosion.

The scientific activity of the Institute was aimed at solving the most important problems for Kyrgyzstan related to the rational and safe development of mineral deposits and ensuring the environmental safety of geotechnical facilities of the republic. The Institute conducted comprehensive research in three areas:

Geomechanics of rock massif (assessment of properties and stress state of rocks and massifs in zones of geotechnical objects functioning, methods and means of determination of geomechanical parameters of massifs, stability of developed spaces and structural elements of underground field development systems, stability of sides of quarries, mountain slopes, slopes of roads and hydraulic structures);

Technology of subsoil development (development of mineral deposits and rational development of mineral resources, mining and economic assessment of deposits);

Evaluation, forecasting and prevention of the consequences of natural and man-made disasters (mathematical modeling, assessment of environmental risks, creation of devices and equipment, stability of tailings dams).

As a result of fundamental scientific research, two scientific discoveries were made:

• The phenomenon of abrupt release of residual stresses in rocks (authors of the doctor of science, Professor Tazhibayev K.T., Acad). NAS KR Aitmatov I.T., diploma No. 90, Reg. No. A 109 from 24.04.1998., Moscow;

• Regularity of changes in the relative value of the speed of passage of the ultrasonic polarized shear wave from mechanical stress in solid materials (Kushbakali’s law) (authors of D.S., Professor K.T. Tazhibayev, Ph.D. Akmatalieva M.S., Ph.D. Tazhibayev D.K., diploma No. A 571 from 12.04.13., Moscow.

When solving research problems in the field of geomechanics, geotechnology and geoecology, a theoretical model of volumetric foci of tectonic mountain strikes and earthquakes, methods for determining the indices of the propensity of rocks to dynamic destruction and impact hazard of areas of the massif, an impulse and non-destructive ultrasonic method for determining residual stresses in rocks and solid media have been developed and substantiated. Methods for assessing the static and seismic stability of geotechnical objects on the basis of numerical modeling, methodological recommendations for preventing violations of the stability of slopes of transport highways on mountain slopes; for organizing and maintaining geoecological monitoring in the mining areas of Kyrgyzstan, for the integrated development of coal and ore deposits of the republic were developed.

The scientific background and development of the Institute allowed to prepare a highly qualified scientific potential, to create a school of geomechanics scientists, widely known in the CIS, and to train about 30 doctors and more than 100 candidates of science in the field of geomechanics and geotechnology. In the study of geomechanical and geotechnological problems in the development of mineral deposits, a great contribution was made by: academicians of S.G. Avershin, O.D. Alimov, I.T. Aitmatov, K.C. Kozhogulov, V.I. Nifadiev, Doctor of Science E.G. Baranov, G.V. Sekisov, I.A. Tangaev, N.G. Yalymov, V.Ya. Stepanov, B.I. Manjikov, N.V. Drones, B.I. Biybosunov, K.P. Shkurina, B. Tolobekova, B. Zhumabayev, K.T. Tajibaev, O.V. Nikolskaya, K. J. Usenov, Candidates of Science K.D. Vdovin, A.I. Kalinin, M.K. Termetchikov, S.B. Barsanaev, T.D. Djoroev, A.A. Ashimbayev, V.F. Buchnev, B. Baktiev, R.N. Yalymov, Yu.G. Aleshin, M.N. Leycin, I.A. Torgoev, B.A. Chukin, G.O. Kazakbaeva, E.A. Kim, A.A. Amanaliyev, G.S.Isaeva, S.B.Omuraliev, G.N. Falaleyev, S.A. Abdibaitov, D.K. Tajibaev, G.A. Kadyralieva, M.S. Akmatalieva, B.E. Emilbekov, A. K. Orozobekova, Z.S. Shambetov, S. J. Kuvakov, D.A. Bespalov.